First, you should have realistic expectations for wireless network performance. The theoretical maximum speeds for Also, please note that in data transfers, speed is measured in Megabits per second Mbps , not Megabytes. Also, the newest Transfer speeds to any one single device is just a fraction of the total combined theoretical speed in both directions for all clients in both frequency bands. Currently, there are two newer WiFi standards that dominate wireless networking: Even though most devices are backward-compatible with older WiFi standards The newer However, 5GHz has lower wall penetration, and does not provide higher range than 2.
Some of its disadvantages are mitigated by using newer wireless technologies, such as, beamforming and MU-MIMO which makes the network more efficient and less noisy. All currently available 5GHz For Use access points instead or wireless routers configured as access point.
If running an Ethernet cable between the primary router and an access point is not an option, look into Powerline, or MoCA network. As trivial as this may sound, it is important and often this single step some pun intended doubles the network speed of the device. It is also important to keep wireless devices that transmit on the same, or overlapping channels away from each others' coverage area so that their signals do not interfere.
When using both a wireless router, and wireless access points in the same network, for example, make sure to use different, non-overlapping channels. If installing near the edge of a building, there may be an advantage to using a directional antenna, or building a simple reflector using aluminum foil behind omnidirectional antennas to focus the signal. This is less of an issue with some newer Some routers, especially those using open source firmware dd-wrt can also increase the transmit TX power of the radio.
Changing antennas is not always trivial, however, as some newer devices use either internal antennas, or proprietary dual-band antennas that are not easily replaceable. Choosing a wireless channel that is clear of interference from other networks, cordless phones and other appliances in the area is by far the best tweak for your wireless network.
In the 2. However, those 11 channels overlap, leaving only 3 separate distinct channels that do not interfere with each other: channels 1, 6, and This is due to the fact that the center frequency of each channel is only 5MHz apart, and they are 22MHz wide, so there is some considerable overlap:. You should do a "wireless survey" of your network area to determine which channels are used by neighboring networks to be able to choose one that is at least couple of channels apart to be free of interference.
Under Windows, the default list of wireless networks in range does not show their channels. You can, however do the following to get a list that includes channels under current versions of Windows:. Type: netsh wlan show all 2a. Choose a channel that is at least a couple of channels apart from other neighboring networks, especially ones that have strong signals.
If you have an Android device, you may want to try an app that will give you a lot of information about available channels as well, just get "Wifi Analyzer" from Google Play. It will provide a good graphical interface of networks in range and their relative signal strengths. Manually set the best channel. While some routers can be configured to automatically pick the best channel, we do not recommend to use that feature, as their algorithms are obscure, and we are yet to find one that works well.
Most of them just default to channel 6, or fail to switch channels if conditions change at all. A much better option is to do a wireless survey, as described above and set the router to use that particular uncongested channel. This is especially true for the overcrowded 2. Notes: It is not always possible to find a completely non-overlapping channel In such instances, just ignore very week signals, and try one that has the center frequency clear. The newer generation Many newer dual-band wireless routers offer the option to use the same SSID for both the 2.
We recommend to use different SSID names to be able to distinguish between both and make intelligent decisions on their use. If SSID names are left the same, dual-band cilents typically connect to whichever network they see first, then may automatically switch to another frequency at some point in time, and the user has no control over distributing clients to take advantage of the strengths of each band: higher throughput at shorter distances for 5GHz, and better wall penetration and extended range for 2.
This is why we recommend to use different SSIDs for 2. This ensures that they do not interfere with each other. Clients will still be able to seamlessly switch between APs and connect to the stronger signal. Many newer In practice, this only works for strong signals and small distances. Simple throughput testing using both channel widths should be performed for your specific location and equipment if you want to try using it, otherwise, simply use the default 20MHz channel width.
This may be counter-intuitive, as the reported link speed may be half with channel bonding turned off, while having a faster and more stable connection. Generally, wider channel widths introduce more natural noise in the system, and you need much better SNR for 40MHz channels. Because of this, 40MHz channels in the 2.
Wireless network security is essential. Older standards WEP are inefficient and insecure. While wireless security does introduce some small overhead on speed, it can easily be mitigated using newer wireless devices with faster hardware. Most Avoid using such Latest and greatest wireless router will only improve your network if paired with client devices that support those newer standards.
If you introduce It is ok to use Make sure that WMM is enabled in your router or wireless access point. WMM is a subset of WMM is required for products to be certified for However it does not provide guaranteed throughput. Frames marked with the QoSNoAck flag do not need to be acknowledged.
This avoids retransmission of highly time-critical data. Acknowledgements are meant to ensure delivery, however they also introduce some overhead. Note: Many Some Wi-Fi routers include various advanced fine-tuning settings that can seem cryptic at first glance. Here is a not so short list of such settings with details about them, along with our recommendations, where applicable.
Afterburner - Only used with Linksys devices that support the proprietary Linksys "Speedbooster" technology. It allows for combining smaller frames with the same source and destination end points and QoS traffic class into one larger frame from bytes up to bytes. Larger frames are more prone to errors because of the single MAC header and CRC, and may be transferred at a lower negotiated rate. A common compromise between burst rate and reliability with many It is a chain of individual The destination of aggregated packets must be the same, as well as the QoS traffic class.
Most newer AP Isolation - Insulates wireless clients on the network from each other and from wired clients. They can still communicate with the AP, however they can't see each other on the network. BCC is the default coding method used by the majority of Beacon Interval - Sets the amount of time between beacon transmissions in milliseconds.
A long interval can save power on sleeping clients, a short interval can improve connectivity in poor reception situations. CTC Protection Mode - enables a mode which ensures Note that performance of Delayed BA support is optional in Delayed BA has similar effect to Nagle's Algorithm, as it allows unacknowledged data.
DTIM Interval Delivery Traffic Indication Messages - Sets the amount of time in milliseconds between messages, which tells a client in power-saving mode when to expect the next broadcast message.
It is usually set at in modern router, with a valid range between Setting it slightly higher than the default can potentially save power in battery-powered devices by allowing them longer sleep periods. Note, however that many time-sensitive apps cannot tolerate very high intervals, which may cause poor performance.
Use caution with values over 5. It is a great feature to use, however there is a catch - it is only available when not using certain other incompatible features that need the Linux functionality like QoS. You'd have to pick which feature you prefer by testing. Fragmentation Threshold - Sets the maximum packet size in bytes before fragmenting into multiple packets.
Increasing may help in the presence of high packet error rate. Making this value too small will reduce network performance. Frame Burst - enabling frame burst wireless mode increases throughput, but it is only recommended for wireless clients. Enabling with many concurrently connected clients reduces performance. Greenfield - greenfield mode is a feature that is part of the By default When greenfield mode is enabled, the network ignores all earlier standards.
Note that some older L7 Filters are a feature used to classify traffic in QoS classes. This L7 setting matches inbound traffic, and catches the results for later use by L7 Outbound filters. It can generally be left enabled unless experiencing problems with longer file transfers timing out and getting stuck before completing.
Note that adding too many L7 filters to multiple classes may bog down your router. Interference Mitigation - Attempts to mitigate the effects of interference from other electronic devices and APs in the area. It can be set to "Non-WLAN" if the primary suspected sources of interference are not other WLANs, but rather other electronic devices, such as cordless phones, microwaves, fluorescent lights, etc. The Interference Mitigation feature has been responsible for much instability and poor throughput, we recommend not to use it unless absolutely necessary.
In most cases it is better to pick and set your AP channel manually to reduce interference from other WLANs in the area. Improve Coverage with Better Placement.
While there are several software and hardware hacks for boosting your Wi-Fi signal see below , there are also a few simple adjustments you can make to an unmodded access point to get the best coverage. The NY Times says :. Still not getting enough bars in the basement? Have to perch yourself on the windowsill to get a usable signal from your neighbors? Get yourself a wireless signal repeater or turn your own router into one to extend your coverage even further.
For those of you with wired devices far from the access point who need a little connection love, a wireless bridge sometimes called an Ethernet converter can be used to convert your wireless signal and provide a few plugs for wired devices like your media center in the living room.
On a wireless network and want to take a peek at some of the data passing through the air? Previously mentioned Wireshark formerly Ethereal is a handy packet sniffer for those of you interested in seeing the nitty gritty on your wireless network, as shown:. Wi-Fi security isn't very secure at all, but if your access point is more secure than others, evil-doing crackers are more likely to move on.
In the spirit of "best of what's offered" security, most wireless access points are set to use WEP encryption to password their connections, but WPA supported on most modern routers and computers is less easy to crack than WEP. To switch to WPA, on your access point's administration page, change the security level and set your WPA passphrase to something long and difficult to crack.
Along the same lines, you can limit exactly what devices can connect to your wireless network by creating a device access list of MAC addresses. A Media Access Control address is a unique identifier for networked devices like laptops, phones, repeaters, etc.
Head on into your access point's configuration screen to set what MAC addresses can use it like, say, all the computers in your house. Don't want to advertise your network in the surrounding area? Turn off SSID broadcasting, which will keep regular old laptops and other devices from listing your network as one of the detected options. Like the other security measures mentioned above, just because SSID broadcasting is off, it won't prevent users with the right software from seeing your access point—just users with default wireless detection their computers.
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